Fuzzy set theory is one of the forms of fuzzy reasoning. Rather than saying a set has a precise collection of members, values are assigned a level of memership between 0 and 1. So that member(x,S)=1 means that x is definitely a member of the set S; member(y,S)=0 means that y definitely is not, and ; member(z,S)=0.5 means we aren't really sure about z.
Defined on page 45
Used on Chap. 3: page 45
Also known as fuzzy sets
Links:
doi.org: article: Fuzzy sets. L.A. Zadeh (1965)
Wikipedia: Fuzzy set